Gait & Posture
Volume 31, Issue 1 , Pages 13-17 , January 2010

Net external energy of the biologic and prosthetic ankle during gait initiation

  • Andrew H. Hansen

      Affiliations

    • Northwestern University Prosthetics Research Laboratory and Rehabilitation Engineering Research Program, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
    • Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Chicago, IL, United States
    • Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Northwestern University Prosthetics Research Laboratory and Rehabilitation Engineering Research Program, 345 E. Superior Street, Room 1441, Chicago, IL 60611, United States. Tel.: +1 312 238 6500; fax: +1 312 238 6510.
    • ,
  • Steve C. Miff

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
    • Sg2, Skokie, IL, United States
    • ,
  • Dudley S. Childress

      Affiliations

    • Northwestern University Prosthetics Research Laboratory and Rehabilitation Engineering Research Program, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
    • Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
    • ,
  • Steven A. Gard

      Affiliations

    • Northwestern University Prosthetics Research Laboratory and Rehabilitation Engineering Research Program, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
    • Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Chicago, IL, United States
    • Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
    • ,
  • Margrit R. Meier

      Affiliations

    • Northwestern University Prosthetics Research Laboratory and Rehabilitation Engineering Research Program, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
    • National Centre of Training and Education in Prosthetics and Orthotics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

Received 18 December 2008 ,Revised 7 August 2009 ,Accepted 11 August 2009.

References 

  1. Brunt D, Lafferty MJ, McKeon A, Goode B, Mulhausen C, Polk P. Invariant characteristics of gait initiation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;70(4):206–212
  2. Cook T, Cozzens B. Human solutions for locomotion—III. The initiation of gait. In:  Herman RM, et al. editor. Neural Control of Locomotion. New York: Plenum Press; 1976;p. 65–76
  3. Elble RJ, Moody C, Leffler K, Sinha R. The initiation of normal walking. Mov Disord. 1994;9(2):139–146
  4. Herman RM, Cook T, Cozzens B, Freedman W. Control of postural reactions in man: the initiation of gait. In:  Stein RB, et al. editor. Control of Posture and Locomotion.. New York: Plenum Press; 1973;p. 363–368
  5. Mann RA, Hagy JL, White V, Liddell D. The initiation of gait. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1979;61(2):232–239
  6. Michel V, Do MC. Are stance ankle plantar flexor muscles necessary to generate propulsive force during human gait initiation?. Neurosci Lett. 2002;325(2):139–143
  7. Miff SC, Hansen AH, Childress DS, Gard SA, Meier MR. Roll-over shapes of the able-bodied knee-ankle-foot system during gait initiation, steady-state walking, and gait termination. Gait Posture. 2008;27:316–322
  8. Vrieling AH, van Keeken HG, Schoppen T, Otten E, Halbertsma JPK, Hof AL, et al. Gait initiation in lower limb amputees. Gait Posture. 2008;27:423–430
  9. van Keeken HG, Vrieling AH, Hof AL, Halbertsma JPK, Schoppen T, Postema K, et al. Controlling propulsive forces in gait initiation in transfemoral amputees. J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1):011002
  10. Hansen AH, Childress DS, Miff SC, Gard SA, Mesplay KP. The human ankle during walking: implications for design of biomimetic ankle prostheses. J Biomech. 2004;37(10):1467–1474
  11. Miff S. Gait initiation and termination in non-disabled ambulators and in people with unilateral lower limb loss. PhD Dissertation, Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University; 2004.
  12. Wells R. The projection of the ground reaction force as a predictor of internal joint moments. Bull Prosthet Res. 1981;18(1):15–19
  13. Lieber RL. Statistical significance and statistical power in hypothesis testing. J Orthop Res. 1990;8(2):304–309

PII: S0966-6362(09)00586-4

doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.08.237

Gait & Posture
Volume 31, Issue 1 , Pages 13-17 , January 2010

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